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Ríu Ríu Chíu
Ríu Ríu Chíu, also known as Ríu Chíu, is a Spanish villancico that has attained some contemporary fame as a Christmas carol.
==Sources==
The villancico is attributed by some sources〔''Cancionera de Upsala'' at ChoralWiki, below〕 to Mateo Flecha the Elder, who died in 1553; it has also been described as anonymous.〔Pegram Johnson III and Edna M. Troiano, ''The Roads from Bethlehem: Christmas Literature from Writers Ancient and Modern'' (Westminster John Knox Press, 1993; ISBN 0-664-22157-2), pp (130-131 )〕 The song also bears a strong resemblance to another villancico, ''Falalanlera'', by Bartomeu Càrceres, a Catalan composer.〔Bartomeu Càrceres, ''Opera omnia'', (Biblioteca de Catalunya, 1995; ISBN 84-7845-121-8), pp. (79-81 )〕 It is known from a single source, the ''Cancionero de Upsala'', published in 1556 in Venice; a unique copy is preserved at the library of the University of Uppsala. The song appears as the fortieth song of that collection.〔(Cancionero de Upsala ) at ChoralWiki〕 Daniel R. Melamed described the song as "redoutable", and mentions it as a contender for the best known piece of Renaissance music.〔Daniel R. Melamed, "Who wrote Lassus's most famous piece", ''Early Music'' 1998 XXVI(1):6-28.〕
The nonsense syllables ''ríu ríu chíu'' are often taken to represent the song of a nightingale,〔(Riu Riu Chiu ) at allmusic.com.〕 but are more appropriately heard as the predator call of a kingfisher.〔"guarda rivera" ("he guards the riverbank") is analogous to "guardarrio" ("he guards the river"), a current and older Spanish word for "kingfisher"(). The European Kingfisher nests in riverbanks and aggressively defends its young against predators.
(). This kingfisher behavior would have been familiar to anyone in rural 16th century Europe.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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